Hydrogenated fat diet intake during pregnancy and lactation modifies the PAI-1 gene expression in white adipose tissue of offspring in adult life

Luciana P Pisani¹ , Claudia M Oller do Nascimento¹ , Allain A Bueno¹ , Carolina Biz¹ , Kelse T Albuquerque² , Eliane B Ribeiro¹ and Lila M Oyama²

¹Department of Physiology, Division of Nutrition Physiology, São Paulo Federal University – UNIFESP, Rua Botucatu, Vila Clementino, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil

²Department of Bioscience, São Paulo Federal University – UNIFESP, v. Ana Costa, Santos, São Paulo 11060-001, Brazil

author email corresponding author email

Lipids in Health and Disease 2008, 7:13doi:10.1186/1476-511X-7-13


Published:	4 April 2008

Abstract

We examine whether feeding pregnant and lactating rats hydrogenated fats rich in trans fatty acids modifies the plasma lipid profiles and the expression of adipokines involved with insulin resistance and cardiovascular disease in their 90-day-old offspring. Pregnant and lactating Wistar rats were fed with either a control diet (C group) or one enriched with hydrogenated vegetable fat (T group). Upon weaning, the male pups were sorted into four groups: CC, mothers were receiving C and pups were kept on C; CT, mothers were receiving C and pups were fed with T; TT, mothers were receiving T and pups were kept on T; TC, mothers were receiving T and pups were fed with C. Pups' food intake and body weight were quantified weekly and the pups were killed at day 90 of life by decapitation. Blood and carcass as well as retroperitoneal, epididymal, and subcutaneous white adipose tissues were collected. Food intake and body weight were lower in TC and TT, and metabolic efficiency was reduced in TT. Offspring of TT and TC rats had increased white adipose tissue PAI-1 gene expression. Insulin receptor was higher in TT than other groups. Ingestion of hydrogenated vegetable fat by the mother during gestation and lactation could promote deleterious consequences, even after the withdrawal of the causal factor.